Effingham County, GA — Planting Guide
What to do in June
June rewards gardeners who work with the weather, not against it. Here's how to stay in step this month in Effingham County, Georgia.
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Start harvesting basil, cucumber, and green beans
Don't tug. Use scissors or pruners for clean cuts — torn stems invite disease.
To set up a strong July, finish these tasks
- First harvests: basil, cucumber, and green beans
Effingham County is in USDA Zone 9a. The average last spring frost is March 13 and the first fall frost is November 17, giving you a growing season of approximately 249 days.
At an elevation of 344 ft, Effingham County receives approximately 60.3 in of rainfall annually. Summer highs average 97°F with winter lows around 36°F. The predominant soil type is Sandy Loam.
Based on 31 years of NOAA climate station data, the last frost date here varies by 54 days year to year — ranging from February 13 in warm years to April 8 in cold years. The growing season is trending shorter by about 1.54 days per decade. Effingham County scores 55/100 (Moderate) on the Microclimate Index.
🌡️ Zone
9a (20°F to 25°F min)
❄️ Last Frost
March 13
🍂 First Frost
November 17
📅 Growing Season
249 days
⛰️ Elevation
344 ft
🌧️ Annual Rainfall
60.3 in
Monthly Watering Calendar for Effingham County
When you'll need to water your garden — based on average monthly rainfall vs. the ~1 inch/week most gardens need.
Why it matters: In humid climates, watering is usually about timing (morning, not evening, to prevent disease) more than volume. In dry climates, it's about depth (water deep, less often) more than frequency. Effingham County's 60" annual tells you which side you're on.
View detailed monthly data
| Month | Avg Rainfall | Rainy Days | Extra Water Needed | Watering Effort |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 4.8 in | 10 days | — | None |
| Feb | 5.4 in | 9 days | — | Low |
| Mar | 5.6 in | 9 days | — | Low |
| Apr | 4 in | 8 days | 0.3 in | Low |
| May | 5 in | 9 days | — | Low |
| Jun | 4.6 in | 10 days | — | Low |
| Jul | 6.7 in | 13 days | — | Low |
| Aug | 5.7 in | 10 days | — | Low |
| Sep | 4.6 in | 7 days | — | Low |
| Oct | 3.9 in | 6 days | 0.4 in | Low |
| Nov | 5.1 in | 6 days | — | Low |
| Dec | 4.9 in | 7 days | — | None |
Annual total: 60.3 in. Water needs vary by crop — tomatoes need ~1.2"/week while herbs like rosemary need only 0.3"/week. Check individual plant pages for crop-specific water budgets that factor in your county's rainfall and soil drainage.
Effingham County Soil Profile
Soil Type
Sandy Loam
Soil pH
4.9-6.3
Drainage
Well Drained
Frost Risk Probability
Based on 31 years of NOAA weather station data from 3 stations
Beginners: Plant frost-sensitive crops (tomatoes, peppers, squash) after the "Safe" date on the left. Harvest or cover them before the "Protect by" date on the right. Hardy crops (lettuce, peas, kale) can go in the yellow transition zones.
How to read this table: "Conservative" means you're safe from frost 9 out of 10 years — best for beginners and frost-sensitive crops. "Average year" is the typical date. "Aggressive" means only 1 in 10 years is that warm — experienced gardeners with frost protection can try these dates.
| Planting Strategy | Last Spring Frost | First Fall Frost | Frost-Free Days |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conservative (safest) | Apr 8 | Dec 9 | 245 days |
| Cautious | Mar 23 | Nov 24 | 246 days |
| Average year | Mar 13 | Nov 17 | 249 days |
| Optimistic | Mar 5 | Nov 7 | 247 days |
| Aggressive (risky) | Feb 13 | Oct 23 | 252 days |
Not very — frost dates can vary by ±54 days year-to-year. Use the "Conservative" row in the table below, and keep row covers handy for surprise late frosts.
Yes — growing seasons are getting shorter here (about 1.5 days per decade). Use the "Conservative" dates and choose fast-maturing varieties.
Gardening Difficulty Score
Effingham County presents some gardening challenges. Choose adapted varieties and plan around frost dates.
Local Gardening Help in Effingham County
Free expert help is closer than you think. Your county's cooperative extension office connects you with trained gardeners, soil testing labs, and local programs — all specific to Effingham County's climate and soil.
County Extension Office
Effingham County University of Georgia Cooperative Extension Extension Office
Phone: 706-542-3824
Visit Extension Office Website →
Extension offices are run by land-grant universities and funded by the USDA. Their advice is free, research-based, and tailored to your county's specific conditions.
Master Gardener Program
Free gardening help from trained volunteers
Master Gardeners are community volunteers who complete 40–60 hours of university horticultural training. They answer gardening questions, diagnose plant problems, and offer workshops — all free.
Many extension offices run a Master Gardener hotline where you can call or email with photos of plant problems for free diagnosis.
Soil Testing
Available through your extension office
Before amending your soil, get it tested. Your extension office offers soil testing (typically $10–$25) that tells you exact pH, nutrient levels, and amendment recommendations specific to what you want to grow.
Services Available in Effingham County
Finding local nurseries & garden centers in Effingham County
Why Buy Local
Local nurseries carry plants that are proven to grow in your area. Staff can give you advice specific to Effingham County's soil and climate that big-box stores can't. Plants from local growers are typically hardier because they're already acclimated to your zone.
How to Find Them
Search for "nurseries near Effingham County GA" or "garden center Effingham County" on Google Maps. Also check with your extension office — they often maintain lists of reputable local nurseries and plant sales.
Community gardens & gardening groups
Community gardens are a great way to learn from experienced gardeners in your area, especially if you're limited on space. Search "community garden Effingham County GA" or check your extension office and local parks department. Facebook groups like "Effingham County Gardeners" or "Georgia Gardening" are also excellent for local advice and plant swaps.
What to Plant After Your Harvest
After your first crops finish, use the remaining frost-free days to grow a second round.
Show 6 more succession options
Sunlight & Day Length in Effingham County
Monthly daylight hours and peak sun — critical for onion varieties, photoperiod-sensitive plants, and solar garden planning.
The practical takeaway: A 14-hour day in June produces dramatically more photosynthesis than a 10-hour day in November. Effingham County's seasonal swing determines which crops can pack growth into spring vs. limp through fall.
Longest Day
14.1 hours
Summer solstice daylight
Shortest Day
9.9 hours
Winter solstice daylight
Peak Sun Hours
8.5 hr/day peak (summer)
Peak sun hours (green dashed line below) account for cloud cover — this is the usable direct sunlight your garden actually receives. Most vegetables need 6+ peak sun hours.
Onion tip: Day-neutral onion varieties like Candy, Cabernet, and Sierra Blanca perform best in your day-length range.
View detailed monthly data
| Month | Daylight Hours | Peak Sun Hours | Day Length |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 10.1 hr | 5 hr | Short day |
| February | 10.9 hr | 5.7 hr | Short day |
| March | 11.8 hr | 6.8 hr | Short day |
| April | 12.8 hr | 7.9 hr | Neutral |
| May | 13.7 hr | 8.5 hr | Neutral |
| June | 14.1 hr | 8 hr | Long day |
| July | 13.9 hr | 7.4 hr | Neutral |
| August | 13.2 hr | 7.4 hr | Neutral |
| September | 12.2 hr | 7.2 hr | Neutral |
| October | 11.2 hr | 7.2 hr | Short day |
| November | 10.3 hr | 5.4 hr | Short day |
| December | 9.9 hr | 4.7 hr | Short day |
Peak sun hours factor in typical cloud cover — use these for solar panel and shade-planning calculations.
Soil Temperature & Composting in Effingham County
Monthly soil temps tell you when to plant warm-season crops, and when your compost pile is actively working.
The practical takeaway: Soil heats slower than air in spring and cools slower in fall. That's why "warm" April air doesn't mean "plant tomatoes" — soil still trails by weeks. Effingham County's monthly soil curve makes the lag visible.
Plant Warm Crops When
Soil reaches 60°F+
Soil warm enough from Apr through Nov.
Best Month to Compost
May
Microbial activity peaks when soil is warm.
Active Composting
10 months
Nearly year-round composting.
View detailed monthly data
| Month | Soil 4" Deep | Soil 8" Deep | Compost Activity | Time to Finish |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 45°F | 53°F | 🐢 Slow | ~24 weeks |
| Feb | 48°F | 53°F | 🐢 Slow | ~24 weeks |
| Mar | 53°F | 55°F | ♻️ Active | ~14 weeks |
| Apr | 61°F | 63°F | ♻️ Active | ~14 weeks |
| May | 74°F | 72°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Jun | 81°F | 78°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Jul | 92°F | 86°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Aug | 92°F | 87°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Sep | 86°F | 84°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Oct | 75°F | 76°F | 🔥 Peak | ~8 weeks |
| Nov | 63°F | 65°F | ♻️ Active | ~14 weeks |
| Dec | 51°F | 57°F | ♻️ Active | ~14 weeks |
Highlighted rows = soil 60°F+ (safe for warm-season transplants). Compost finishes fastest during peak activity months.
Pest & Disease Pressure in Effingham County
Computed from local climate patterns — warmer, humid conditions increase pest generations and fungal disease risk.
Why this matters: Pollinators are the good bugs. Pest pressure is the bad bugs. Effingham County's climate makes both more abundant in warm humid regions, and rarer in cold dry ones — plan habitat to encourage the good while managing the bad.
Insect Pest Pressure
High — expect multiple pest generations. Preventative measures essential.
Disease Risk
High fungal/bacterial risk. Space plants for airflow, water at soil level.
Seasonal Risk
View 6 common pests in your area
| Pest | Risk Level | Peak Months |
|---|---|---|
| Aphids | High | Mar, Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov |
| Squash vine borers | High | May, Jun, Jul |
| Stink bugs | High | Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct |
| Whiteflies | Moderate | May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct |
| Spider mites | Moderate | Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep |
| Fire ants | Moderate | Mar, Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct |
Organic pest management tips
- Install physical barriers: floating row covers, copper tape for slugs, mesh netting
- Apply Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) for caterpillar control — safe for beneficial insects
- Use kaolin clay spray to deter a wide range of insects on fruiting crops
- Release beneficial insects: ladybugs for aphids, parasitic wasps for caterpillars
- Apply neem oil weekly during high-pressure months
- Mulch heavily (3-4 inches) to reduce soil-borne disease splash
Cover Crops for Effingham County
Cover crops protect bare soil, fix nitrogen, suppress weeds, and improve soil structure — with planting dates calibrated for your area.
The practical takeaway: The "chop and drop" approach to cover crops: cut them down right before flowering, let them lay on the surface as mulch, plant your vegetables through the mulch. Less work, healthier soil.
Spring Cover Crops (4 options) — Build soil before the main growing season
| Crop | Plant By | Terminate | N-Fixing | Soil Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Buckwheat | Mar 13 | Sep 15 | — | Rapid growth, attracts pollinators, suppresses weeds |
| Cowpeas (southern peas) | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | ✓ Yes | Excellent nitrogen fixer for warm climates, edible |
| Sorghum-sudan grass | Mar 21 | Sep 8 | — | Massive biomass, breaks compaction, suppresses nematodes |
| White clover | Feb 15 | Sep 22 | ✓ Yes | Living mulch, fixes nitrogen, permanent ground cover |
Summer Cover Crops (1 options) — Fill gaps and suppress weeds between plantings
| Crop | Plant By | Terminate | N-Fixing | Soil Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sunflowers | Apr 10 | Nov 3 | — | Deep roots break compaction, attract pollinators and beneficial insects |
Fall Cover Crops (7 options) — Plant after harvest to protect soil over winter
| Crop | Plant By | Terminate | N-Fixing | Soil Benefit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austrian winter peas | Sep 18 | Feb 20 | ✓ Yes | Fixes nitrogen, good for heavy clay soils |
| Crimson clover | Sep 22 | Feb 20 | ✓ Yes | Fixes nitrogen, attracts pollinators in spring |
| Daikon radish | Sep 23 | Feb 27 | — | Deep taproot breaks compaction, excellent for clay soils |
| Hairy vetch | Aug 22 | Feb 27 | ✓ Yes | Excellent nitrogen fixer, good for depleted soils |
| Oats | Oct 22 | Feb 27 | — | Quick biomass, winterkills in cold zones — no spring tillage needed |
| Winter rye | Aug 28 | Feb 27 | — | Suppresses weeds, prevents erosion, breaks up compacted soil |
| Winter wheat | Aug 18 | Feb 27 | — | Erosion control, weed suppression, good biomass |
Wind & Microclimate in Effingham County
What this means for you: Wind shapes the garden you don't think about: bee paths, evaporation, structural stress on tomato cages. Effingham County's 8.3 mph background level is a baseline you should know before placing the tallest crops (sunflowers, pole beans, sweet corn).
Wind dries soil, stresses plants, and affects frost patterns. Understanding your exposure helps with garden placement.
Seasonal Wind Speed
Spring: 11 mph Summer: 8 mph
Fall: 9 mph Winter: 12 mph
Prevailing wind: SW. Moderate wind — consider a temporary windbreak for young seedlings.
Windbreak Benefit
5/10
Moderately beneficial — a simple fence or trellis can protect delicate crops from wind stress.
Frost Pocket Risk
Low
Relatively flat terrain (258 ft range). Frost pocket risk is minimal — garden placement is flexible.
Rainwater Harvesting in Effingham County
How much water you can collect, when to collect it, and what size system you need for your garden.
For new gardeners: Most gardens use 0.5-1 gallon per square foot per week in summer. Effingham County's 60" annual rainfall is enough to cover most needs if you can capture it. Rain barrels under downspouts are the simplest entry point.
Annual Collection
30,053 gal
Per 1,000 sq ft of roof area (at 80% collection efficiency)
Recommended Setup
6 rain barrels (55 gal each)
For a typical 500 sq ft garden. Serious collectors: consider a 250 gal tank.
Legal Status
Unrestricted
Rainwater harvesting is fully legal in your state with no restrictions.
Best Collection Months
Feb, Mar, Jul, Aug
Highest rainfall months — your barrels will fill up quickly during these months.
Months to Draw From Storage
Apr, Sep, Oct
Dry months when you'll rely on stored water — size your storage for this gap.
Rainwater collection tips for your area
- Your county receives approximately 60.3 inches of rain per year
- A 1,000 sq ft roof can collect roughly 30,053 gallons annually
- Rainwater harvesting is fully legal in your state
- Your area gets ample rainfall — even small barrels make a big difference
- Consider a rain garden to handle overflow during heavy rainfall months
Soil & Growing Conditions in Effingham County
Soil Type
Sandy Loam
Soil pH 4.9–6.3 · Moderately Well Drained drainage
Good candidate for raised beds to maximise drainage and extend the season.
Watering Needs
Drought stress: 3.5/10
Low-to-moderate drought stress. Plan to water 1–2 times per week during peak summer. (60.3 in. annual rainfall)
Season Tips
249-day frost-free season
Plenty of time for warm-season crops. Start heat-lovers indoors 6–8 weeks before last frost to maximise your harvest window.
Your Free Printable Garden Planner
Plan every bed, every planting, every harvest — in one place. This 22-page printable includes your zone's planting calendar, a month-by-month task list, a seed inventory tracker, a harvest log, and succession-planting charts. Built to print, write in, and actually use all season.
Recommended for Your Garden
Reduce heat stress and sun scorch in hot climates with UV-stabilized shade cloth.
Retain moisture and nutrients in sandy soils with expanded vermiculite.
Test your soil pH, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium levels before planting.
🥬 Vegetables to Grow in Effingham County
114 vegetables that grow well in Zone 9a with planting dates for Effingham County.
Show all 114 vegetables with planting dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Fall Plant | Harvest | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acorn Squash | Feb 13 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | Jun 12 – Jul 17 | 80–100 |
| Amaranth | Jan 30 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | Jun 19 – Aug 7 | 90–120 |
| Artichoke | — | — | Mar 27 | — | Jul 31 – Oct 9 | 120–180 |
| Arugula | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | Apr 17 – Jun 19 | 30–50 |
| Asparagus | — | — | Mar 27 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Beets | — | Feb 20 | — | Sep 22 | Apr 17 – May 15 | 50–70 |
| Belgian Endive | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | Jul 3 – Aug 28 | 110–150 |
| Bitter Melon | Jan 30 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | May 22 – Jul 3 | 60–90 |
| Black Beans | — | Mar 20 | — | — | Jun 19 – Aug 7 | 90–120 |
| Bok Choy | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | Apr 24 – May 29 | 40–60 |
| Broccoli | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | May 15 – Jun 26 | 60–90 |
| Broccoli Rabe | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | Apr 24 – May 29 | 40–60 |
| Brussels Sprouts | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | Jun 12 – Aug 7 | 90–130 |
| Butternut Squash | Feb 13 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | Jun 19 – Jul 24 | 85–110 |
| Cabbage | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | May 15 – Jul 10 | 60–100 |
| Calabash | Jan 30 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | Jun 12 – Aug 7 | 80–120 |
| Cardoon | — | — | Mar 27 | — | Jul 31 – Sep 11 | 120–150 |
| Carrots | — | Feb 20 | — | Sep 22 | Apr 24 – May 29 | 60–80 |
| Cauliflower | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | May 8 – Jul 10 | 55–100 |
| Celeriac | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | Jun 26 – Jul 31 | 100–120 |
| Celery | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | Jun 5 – Jul 31 | 80–120 |
| Celtuce | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | May 15 – Jun 26 | 60–90 |
| Chard | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | May 8 – Jun 26 | 50–60 |
| Chayote | Jan 30 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | Jul 24 – Oct 2 | 120–180 |
| Chickpeas | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | Jun 5 – Jul 17 | 80–110 |
| Chicory | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | May 15 – Jun 26 | 60–85 |
| Chinese Cabbage | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | May 8 – Jun 5 | 50–70 |
| Christmas Lima Beans | Jan 30 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | Jun 12 – Jul 17 | 80–100 |
| Collard Greens | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | May 8 – Jul 10 | 55–75 |
| Corn | — | Mar 20 | — | — | May 22 – Jul 17 | 60–100 |
| Cowpeas | — | Mar 20 | — | — | May 22 – Jul 3 | 60–90 |
| Cress | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | Mar 27 – Apr 17 | 14–21 |
| Crookneck Squash | Feb 13 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | May 8 – Jun 5 | 45–60 |
| Crosne | — | Feb 20 | — | Sep 22 | Jul 24 – Sep 25 | 150–200 |
| Cucumber | Feb 13 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | May 15 – Jul 10 | 50–70 |
| Daikon | — | Feb 20 | — | Sep 22 | Apr 17 – May 15 | 50–70 |
| Delicata Squash | Feb 13 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | Jun 12 – Jul 17 | 80–100 |
| Edamame | — | Mar 20 | — | — | Jun 5 – Jul 17 | 75–100 |
| Eggplant | Jan 30 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | May 29 – Jul 31 | 65–85 |
| Endive | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | May 1 – Jun 5 | 45–65 |
| Escarole | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | May 8 – Jun 5 | 50–70 |
| Fava Beans | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | May 29 – Jul 10 | 75–100 |
| Fennel | Jan 30 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | May 22 – Jul 3 | 60–90 |
| Garlic | — | — | — | Oct 6 | Jan 5 – Jun 22 | 90–240 |
| Ginger | Jan 30 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | Nov 20 – Jan 15 | 240–300 |
| Green Beans | — | Mar 20 | — | — | May 15 – Jul 10 | 50–65 |
| Horseradish | — | — | Mar 27 | — | Jul 31 – Oct 9 | 120–180 |
| Hot Peppers | Jan 30 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | May 29 – Sep 4 | 70–120 |
| Hubbard Squash | Feb 13 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | Jul 3 – Aug 7 | 100–120 |
| Jicama | Jan 30 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | Jul 24 – Oct 2 | 120–180 |
| Kabocha | Feb 13 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | Jun 19 – Jul 17 | 85–100 |
| Kai Lan | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | May 1 – May 29 | 45–60 |
| Kale | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | May 8 – Jul 3 | 50–70 |
| Kidney Beans | — | Mar 20 | — | — | Jun 19 – Jul 24 | 85–110 |
| Kohlrabi | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | May 1 – Jun 5 | 45–65 |
| Komatsuna | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | Apr 17 – May 22 | 35–50 |
| Leeks | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | Jun 12 – Aug 28 | 90–150 |
| Lentils | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | Jun 5 – Jul 17 | 80–110 |
| Lettuce | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | Apr 17 – Jun 26 | 30–60 |
| Lima Beans | — | Mar 20 | — | — | May 22 – Jul 3 | 60–90 |
| Loofah | Jan 30 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | Jul 3 – Sep 4 | 100–150 |
| Luffa | Jan 30 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | Jun 19 – Sep 4 | 90–150 |
| Mache | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | Apr 24 – May 29 | 40–60 |
| Malabar Spinach | Jan 30 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | May 15 – Jun 12 | 55–70 |
| Melon | Feb 13 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | May 29 – Jul 17 | 70–100 |
| Microgreens | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | Mar 20 – Apr 17 | 7–21 |
| Mitsuba | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 6 | Sep 22 | May 1 – Jun 26 | 50–70 |
| Mizuna | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | Apr 17 – May 15 | 30–45 |
| Mustard Greens | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | Apr 17 – Jun 19 | 30–50 |
| Napa Cabbage | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | May 8 – Jun 12 | 55–75 |
| New Zealand Spinach | Jan 30 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | May 15 – Jun 12 | 55–70 |
| Okra | Jan 30 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | May 15 – Jul 10 | 50–65 |
| Onion | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | Jun 12 – Jul 31 | 90–120 |
| Pac Choi | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | Apr 24 – May 22 | 40–55 |
| Parsnip | — | Feb 20 | — | Sep 22 | Jun 5 – Jul 17 | 100–130 |
| Patty Pan Squash | Feb 13 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | May 8 – Jun 5 | 45–60 |
| Peas | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | May 8 – Jul 3 | 55–70 |
| Peppers | Jan 30 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | May 22 – Jul 31 | 60–90 |
| Pole Beans | Jan 30 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | May 15 – Jul 10 | 55–70 |
| Potatoes | Jan 30 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | May 29 – Aug 7 | 70–120 |
| Pumpkin | Feb 13 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | Jun 19 – Aug 7 | 85–120 |
| Purslane | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | Apr 24 – May 29 | 40–60 |
| Radicchio | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | May 15 – Jun 19 | 60–80 |
| Radish | — | Feb 20 | — | Sep 22 | Mar 20 – Apr 10 | 22–35 |
| Romanesco | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | May 29 – Jul 10 | 75–100 |
| Rutabaga | — | Feb 20 | — | Sep 22 | May 15 – Jun 19 | 80–100 |
| Salsify | — | Feb 20 | — | Sep 22 | Jun 5 – Jul 17 | 100–130 |
| Savoy Cabbage | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | May 22 – Jul 17 | 70–110 |
| Scallions | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | May 8 – Jun 5 | 50–70 |
| Scarlet Runner Beans | Jan 30 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | May 22 – Jun 26 | 60–80 |
| Shallot | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | Jun 12 – Jul 31 | 90–120 |
| Shiso | Jan 30 | Mar 20 | Mar 20 | — | May 15 – Jul 10 | 50–70 |
| Snap Peas | Jan 30 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | May 15 – Jul 10 | 55–70 |
| Snow Peas | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | May 8 – Jul 3 | 50–65 |
| Soybeans | — | Mar 20 | — | — | Jun 12 – Aug 7 | 80–120 |
| Spaghetti Squash | Feb 13 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | Jun 19 – Jul 17 | 85–100 |
| Spinach | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | Apr 17 – Jun 19 | 35–50 |
| Squash (Summer) | Feb 13 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | May 8 – Jul 10 | 45–65 |
| Squash (Winter) | Feb 13 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | Jun 12 – Aug 7 | 80–120 |
| Sunchoke | — | — | Mar 27 | — | Jul 17 – Sep 11 | 110–150 |
| Sweet Corn | — | Mar 20 | — | — | May 22 – Jul 3 | 60–90 |
| Sweet Potatoes | Jan 30 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | Jun 19 – Aug 7 | 90–120 |
| Tatsoi | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | Apr 17 – May 22 | 35–50 |
| Tomatillo | Jan 30 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | May 22 – Jul 31 | 60–85 |
| Tomatoes | Jan 30 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | May 22 – Jul 31 | 60–85 |
| Turmeric | Jan 30 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | Nov 20 – Jan 15 | 240–300 |
| Turnip | — | Feb 20 | — | Sep 22 | Apr 3 – May 8 | 40–60 |
| Watercress | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 13 | Sep 22 | Apr 24 – May 29 | 40–60 |
| Watermelon | Feb 13 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | May 29 – Jul 17 | 70–100 |
| Wax Beans | — | Mar 20 | — | — | May 15 – Jul 10 | 50–65 |
| Winter Melon | Jan 30 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | Jun 19 – Aug 7 | 90–120 |
| Yam | Jan 30 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | Sep 18 – Jan 15 | 180–330 |
| Yard Long Beans | Jan 30 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | May 15 – Jun 26 | 55–80 |
| Zucchini | Feb 13 | Mar 13 | Mar 20 | — | May 8 – Jul 3 | 45–60 |
🍓 Fruits to Grow in Effingham County
24 fruits that grow well in Zone 9a with planting dates for Effingham County.
Show all 24 fruits with planting dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Fall Plant | Harvest | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alpine Strawberries | — | — | Mar 27 | — | Jun 26 – Oct 9 | 90–180 |
| Blackberries | — | — | Mar 27 | — | — | 365–730 |
| Boysenberries | — | — | Mar 27 | — | — | 365–730 |
| Cantaloupe | — | — | Mar 27 | — | Jun 5 – Jul 10 | 70–90 |
| Che Fruit | — | — | Mar 27 | — | — | 1095–1825 |
| Dragon Fruit | — | — | Mar 27 | — | — | 365–730 |
| Elderberries | — | — | Mar 27 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Figs | — | — | Mar 27 | — | — | 730–1825 |
| Goji Berries | — | — | Mar 27 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Grapes | — | — | Mar 27 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Ground Cherry | — | — | Mar 27 | — | Jun 5 – Jul 31 | 65–80 |
| Guava | — | — | Mar 27 | — | — | 365–730 |
| Honeydew | — | — | Mar 27 | — | Jun 19 – Jul 31 | 80–110 |
| Kiwi | — | — | Mar 27 | — | — | 1095–1825 |
| Loquat | — | — | Mar 27 | — | — | 730–1825 |
| Mulberries | — | — | Mar 27 | — | — | 730–1825 |
| Passion Fruit | — | — | Mar 27 | — | — | 365–545 |
| Pawpaw | — | — | Mar 27 | — | — | 1095–2555 |
| Persimmon | — | — | Mar 27 | — | — | 1095–2555 |
| Pomegranate | — | — | Mar 27 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Quince | — | — | Mar 27 | — | — | 1095–1825 |
| Raspberries | — | — | Mar 27 | — | — | 365–730 |
| Serviceberries | — | — | Mar 27 | — | — | 730–1095 |
| Strawberries | — | — | Mar 27 | — | Jun 26 – Jan 22 | 90–365 |
🌿 Herbs to Grow in Effingham County
37 herbs that grow well in Zone 9a with planting dates for Effingham County.
Show all 37 herbs with planting dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Fall Plant | Harvest | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anise | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 6 | Sep 22 | Jun 5 – Aug 21 | 90–120 |
| Basil | Jan 30 | Mar 20 | Mar 20 | — | May 15 – Jul 17 | 50–75 |
| Bee Balm | — | — | Mar 20 | — | Jun 19 – Sep 4 | 90–120 |
| Borage | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 6 | Sep 22 | May 1 – Jun 19 | 50–60 |
| Caraway | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 6 | Sep 22 | — | 365–450 |
| Catnip | — | — | Mar 20 | — | May 22 – Jul 24 | 60–80 |
| Chamomile | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 6 | Sep 22 | May 8 – Jul 17 | 60–90 |
| Chervil | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 6 | Sep 22 | Apr 17 – Jun 19 | 40–60 |
| Chives | — | — | Mar 20 | — | May 22 – Jul 31 | 60–90 |
| Cilantro | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 6 | Sep 22 | Apr 17 – Jun 19 | 40–60 |
| Comfrey | — | — | Mar 20 | — | May 22 – Jul 31 | 60–90 |
| Cumin | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 6 | Sep 22 | Jun 19 – Aug 21 | 100–120 |
| Dill | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 6 | Sep 22 | Apr 17 – Jun 19 | 40–60 |
| Epazote | Jan 30 | Mar 20 | Mar 20 | — | May 8 – Jul 3 | 45–60 |
| Fennel (herb) | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 6 | Sep 22 | May 8 – Jul 17 | 60–90 |
| Feverfew | — | — | Mar 20 | — | Jun 19 – Sep 4 | 90–120 |
| Garlic Chives | — | — | Mar 20 | — | May 22 – Jul 31 | 60–90 |
| Horehound | — | — | Mar 20 | — | Jun 5 – Jul 31 | 75–90 |
| Hyssop | — | — | Mar 20 | — | May 29 – Jul 31 | 70–90 |
| Lemon Balm | — | — | Mar 20 | — | May 22 – Jul 10 | 60–70 |
| Lemon Thyme | — | — | Mar 20 | — | May 29 – Jul 31 | 70–90 |
| Lemon Verbena | Jan 30 | Mar 20 | Mar 20 | — | May 22 – Jul 31 | 60–90 |
| Lemongrass | Jan 30 | Mar 20 | Mar 20 | — | Jun 5 – Sep 4 | 75–120 |
| Marjoram | — | — | Mar 20 | — | May 22 – Jul 31 | 60–90 |
| Mint | — | — | Mar 20 | — | May 22 – Jul 31 | 60–90 |
| Oregano | — | — | Mar 20 | — | May 22 – Jul 31 | 60–90 |
| Parsley | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 6 | Sep 22 | May 8 – Jul 10 | 60–80 |
| Rosemary | — | — | Mar 20 | — | Jun 12 – Oct 30 | 80–180 |
| Rue | — | — | Mar 20 | — | May 29 – Jul 31 | 70–90 |
| Sage | — | — | Mar 20 | — | Jun 5 – Jul 31 | 75–90 |
| Savory | — | — | Mar 20 | — | May 15 – Jul 10 | 50–70 |
| Sorrel | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Mar 6 | Sep 22 | Apr 17 – Jun 19 | 40–60 |
| Stevia | Jan 30 | Mar 20 | Mar 20 | — | May 22 – Jul 31 | 60–90 |
| Tarragon | — | — | Mar 20 | — | May 22 – Jul 31 | 60–90 |
| Thai Basil | Jan 30 | Mar 20 | Mar 20 | — | May 15 – Jul 17 | 50–75 |
| Thyme | — | — | Mar 20 | — | May 29 – Jul 31 | 70–90 |
| Valerian | — | — | Mar 20 | — | Jul 24 – Oct 30 | 120–180 |
🌸 Flowers to Grow in Effingham County
49 flowers that grow well in Zone 9a with planting dates for Effingham County.
Show all 49 flowers with planting dates
| Plant | Start Indoors | Direct Sow | Transplant | Fall Plant | Bloom | Days to Maturity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ageratum | Jan 30 | Feb 27 | Feb 27 | — | Apr 24 – Oct 9 | 60–75 |
| Alliums | — | — | — | Oct 20 | Nov 17 – Dec 8 | 28–42 |
| Anemones | — | — | — | Sep 22 | Sep 29 – Oct 27 | 90–120 |
| Bachelor's Button | — | Jan 16 | Feb 13 | Sep 8 | Apr 10 – Jul 31 | 60–90 |
| Begonias | Jan 2 | — | Feb 20 | — | May 1 – Oct 30 | 70–90 |
| Black-eyed Susan | Jan 16 | Feb 27 | Feb 27 | — | May 8 – Sep 25 | 60–80 |
| Bleeding Hearts | Jan 16 | — | Feb 27 | — | Apr 17 – May 8 | 60–90 |
| Calendula | — | Jan 16 | Feb 13 | Aug 25 | Mar 27 – Jul 31 | 50–70 |
| California Poppy | — | — | — | Aug 25 | Nov 3 – Mar 9 | 60–90 |
| Celosia | Feb 13 | Feb 27 | Feb 27 | — | May 1 – Nov 6 | 60–90 |
| Columbine | Jan 16 | Feb 27 | Feb 27 | — | Apr 17 – May 8 | 70–100 |
| Coreopsis | Jan 16 | Feb 27 | Feb 27 | — | Apr 24 – Sep 25 | 60–80 |
| Cosmos | Feb 13 | Feb 13 | Feb 13 | — | Apr 24 – Oct 9 | 60–90 |
| Daffodils | — | — | — | Oct 20 | Oct 6 – Oct 27 | 20–40 |
| Dahlias | — | Mar 13 | Mar 13 | — | May 22 – Nov 20 | 70–120 |
| Daylily | Jan 16 | — | Feb 27 | — | May 8 – Oct 23 | 60–90 |
| Dianthus | Jan 16 | Jan 16 | Jan 16 | — | Mar 6 – May 8 | 60–80 |
| Echinacea (Purple Coneflower) | Jan 16 | Feb 27 | Feb 27 | — | May 8 – Sep 25 | 70–90 |
| Foxglove | Jan 16 | Feb 27 | Feb 27 | — | Apr 17 – May 8 | 80–120 |
| Freesia | — | — | — | Oct 6 | Oct 20 – Nov 17 | 84–112 |
| Gaillardia (Blanket Flower) | Jan 30 | Feb 27 | Feb 27 | — | May 8 – Nov 6 | 70–100 |
| Geraniums | Jan 2 | — | Feb 20 | — | May 1 – Oct 30 | 70–100 |
| Gladiolus | — | Mar 13 | Mar 13 | — | May 22 – Nov 20 | 70–100 |
| Hostas | Jan 16 | — | Feb 27 | — | May 8 – Aug 28 | 60–90 |
| Hyacinths | — | — | — | Oct 20 | Oct 20 – Nov 10 | 14–28 |
| Hydrangeas | Jan 16 | — | Feb 27 | — | May 8 – Aug 28 | 90–150 |
| Impatiens | Jan 16 | — | Feb 27 | — | May 8 – Oct 23 | 60–75 |
| Irises | — | Division | Feb 27 | — | Apr 17 – May 22 | 60–100 |
| Larkspur | — | — | — | Sep 8 | Nov 17 – Mar 9 | 60–90 |
| Lavender | Jan 16 | — | Feb 27 | — | May 8 – Aug 14 | 90–120 |
| Lilies | — | Division | Feb 27 | — | May 8 – Aug 14 | 70–120 |
| Lobelia | Jan 16 | — | Jan 16 | — | Mar 13 – Apr 10 | 70–80 |
| Marigolds | Feb 6 | Feb 27 | Feb 27 | — | Apr 24 – Sep 25 | 50–70 |
| Nasturtium | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Feb 20 | — | Apr 17 – Oct 16 | 55–65 |
| Pansy | Jan 2 | — | Feb 13 | Aug 25 | Apr 3 – Jul 3 | 70–90 |
| Petunia | Jan 16 | — | Feb 27 | — | May 8 – Oct 9 | 70–90 |
| Phlox | Jan 16 | Feb 27 | Feb 27 | — | May 8 – Jul 3 | 80–110 |
| Portulaca | Feb 13 | Feb 27 | Feb 27 | — | Apr 17 – Oct 23 | 50–70 |
| Ranunculus | — | — | — | Sep 22 | Oct 6 – Nov 3 | 90–120 |
| Roses | Jan 16 | — | Feb 27 | — | May 8 – Oct 23 | 90–180 |
| Salvia | Jan 16 | — | Feb 20 | — | May 1 – Oct 16 | 70–90 |
| Sedum (Stonecrop) | Jan 16 | — | Feb 27 | — | Jun 19 – Aug 28 | 60–90 |
| Snapdragon | — | Jan 16 | Feb 13 | Aug 25 | Apr 17 – Aug 14 | 70–100 |
| Sunflower | Feb 20 | Feb 20 | Feb 20 | — | May 15 – Oct 16 | 70–100 |
| Sweet Alyssum | — | Jan 16 | Feb 13 | Sep 8 | Mar 20 – Jul 3 | 45–60 |
| Sweet Pea | — | — | — | Sep 8 | Nov 17 – Jan 12 | 65–85 |
| Vinca (Annual) | Jan 2 | — | Feb 20 | — | May 1 – Oct 30 | 70–90 |
| Yarrow | Jan 16 | Feb 27 | Feb 27 | — | Apr 24 – Sep 11 | 60–90 |
| Zinnia | Feb 13 | Feb 20 | Feb 20 | — | May 1 – Oct 16 | 60–70 |
Monthly Planting Guide for Effingham County
Gardening Guides & Resources
Helpful guides from The Ultimate Homestead to improve your garden in Effingham County.
Frequently Asked Questions
What planting zone is Effingham County, GA?
Effingham County is in USDA Hardiness Zone 9a. This zone classification determines which perennial plants survive winter and sets the baseline for frost timing across the county.
When is the last frost in Effingham County, GA?
Based on 31 years of NOAA weather station data, the median last spring frost in Effingham County falls around March 13. In 8 out of 10 years, last frost lands between February 13 and April 8 — a 54-day window of variability. Use April 8 as your conservative safe-to-plant date for frost-sensitive crops.
When is the first fall frost in Effingham County, GA?
The median first fall frost in Effingham County arrives around November 17. In cold years it can arrive as early as October 23; in mild years as late as December 9. Harvest or protect frost-sensitive crops — tomatoes, peppers, basil, squash — before this date.
How long is the growing season in Effingham County?
Effingham County has a frost-free growing season of approximately 249 days. This long season supports multiple succession plantings and warm-season crops that need extended heat, like sweet potatoes and melons. Climate records show the growing season is trending shorter by about 1.54 days per decade.
What is the soil like in Effingham County for gardening?
Effingham County has predominantly Sandy Loam soil with a pH range of 4.9–6.3 and Moderately Well Drained drainage. Most vegetables and herbs grow well with standard composting and seasonal soil amendment.
What is grown commercially in Effingham County?
Effingham County has commercial agriculture that includes Cotton, Poultry, Peanuts, Corn, Hay. These crops reflect the local climate and soil conditions — what succeeds commercially often translates well to home gardens in the same area.
Is Effingham County a good location for home gardening?
Effingham County scores 55/100 (Moderate) on our Microclimate Index, which combines frost reliability, drought pressure, soil challenge, elevation risk, and long-term climate trend. Conditions here are moderate — most common crops grow well with standard timing and care.
Your Effingham County Garden Planner — Free
A 22-page printable planner built for Effingham County (Zone 9a). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.
The Gardener's Encyclopedia to Companion Planting
The pairings that make vegetables, herbs, and flowers grow better — and the ones that quietly wreck a bed.
- Proven pairings for 200+ vegetables, herbs, flowers, and fruits
- Full seed-starting + planting schedule with timing and spacing
- Bonus: square-foot gardening guide + printable seasonal planners
Seed Saving & Storage Guide
Most saved seeds go bad before next season. This shows exactly when to pick, how to dry, and where to store seeds from 200 plants so yours don't.
- 200 plants, step-by-step: life cycle, pollination type, isolation
- Exact temperature + humidity ranges that keep seeds viable
- Bonus: searchable Google Sheets tracker + custom GPT assistant
Composting Guide for Homesteaders
Turn kitchen scraps and yard waste into compost that actually feeds the garden — instead of a pile that smells, attracts pests, and never breaks down.
- 14 sections on composting methods, soil science, and troubleshooting
- The 7-step hot-compost system from start to finish
- Bonus tools: troubleshooting chart, safety guide, monitoring log