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When to Plant Onion in Santa Clara County, CA

Santa Clara County, California Zone 9b May

This month in Santa Clara County, California

If you only do a handful of things in the garden this May, make it these. They're sequenced around your zone's frost timing.

Avg. last frost February 19
Avg. first frost December 3
Soil temp (4") 74°F
Watering Critical
Pest pressure High
Daylight 14 hrs
  1. Collect onion at their peak

    If you can't use it all right away, check the food-preservation section of your planner.

Looking ahead to June
  • First harvests: onion

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Onions are a fundamental kitchen staple available in yellow, white, and red varieties. Choose long-day, short-day, or intermediate types based on your latitude.

Santa Clara County, California is in USDA Zone 9b. The average last spring frost is February 19 and the first fall frost is December 3, giving you a growing season of approximately 287 days.

At an elevation of 455 feet, Santa Clara County receives approximately 15.5 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly loam soil. Summer highs average 92°F, providing good warmth for Onion during the growing season. With low rainfall, drip irrigation is essential for growing Onion successfully. Mulch heavily to conserve soil moisture.

Santa Clara County, CA (Zone 9b) Year-round
287 days
Last Spring Frost February 19
287 growing days
First Fall Frost December 3

Santa Clara County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Loam

Soil pH

6.7-7.8

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season (155 days to spare)
Start indoors: Jan 4 Transplant: Feb 1 🍅 Harvest: May 3 – Jun 21
Recommended (50%) ✓ Fits season (147 days to spare)
Start indoors: Jan 22 Transplant: Feb 19 🍅 Harvest: May 21 – Jul 9
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season (100 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 27 Transplant: Apr 24 🍅 Harvest: Jul 24 – Sep 11

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Santa Clara County

How your county's soil matches Onion's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (6.7–7.8) is more alkaline than Onion prefers (6.0–7.0). Add sulfur or peat moss to lower pH.

Soil Texture

The loam soil in Santa Clara County is excellent for Onion — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is moderate (2.6%). Annual compost additions will help Onion.

How to Plant Onion

1"
Planting Depth
6"
Between Plants
12"
Between Rows

Fall planting: Sow 8 weeks before your first frost date for a fall harvest.

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
1.0″/week
Rainfall provides
0.2″/week
You supply
0.9″/week
Watering frequency 2-3 times/week
Season total 2,381 gal / 100 sq ft
Drought risk

Water stress score is 8/10 — consider drought-tolerant varieties and mulching

Monthly Watering Guide for Onion

Onion needs approximately 1 inches of water per week (4.3" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Onion Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 3.2" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 4.3" 3.6" 0.7" 💧 Light watering
Mar 4.3" 2.6" 1.7" 💧 Light watering
Apr 4.3" 1.1" 3.2" 🚿 Regular watering
May 4.3" 0.3" 4" 🚿 Regular watering
Jun 4.3" 0.1" 4.2" 🚿 Regular watering
Jul 4.3" 0" 4.3" 🚿 Regular watering
Aug 4.3" 0" 4.3" 🚿 Regular watering
Sep 4.3" 0.1" 4.2" 🚿 Regular watering
Oct 4.3" 0.6" 3.7" 🚿 Regular watering
Nov 4.3" 1.4" 2.9" 🚿 Regular watering
Dec 4.3" 2.6" 1.7" 💧 Light watering

Water needs are for active growing months only (Feb–Dec in Santa Clara County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Onion Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Onion needs ~1,995 GDD — county provides 5,472 GDD Excellent fit

Onion Planting Timeline — Santa Clara County, CA

Onion Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors January 22 Jan 22 – Feb 5
Transplant Outdoors February 19 Feb 19 – Mar 5
Direct Sow January 29 Jan 29 – Feb 19
Harvest May 21 May 21 – Jul 9
Fall Sowing October 8 Oct 8 – Oct 22

Plant 1" deep · 6" apart · Rows 12" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January Start Indoors Direct Sow
February Start Indoors Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
March Transplant Outdoors
April
May Harvest
June Harvest
July Harvest
August
September
October Fall Sowing
November
December

Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Full Sun (6-8+ hours)

💧 Water

1"/week · 2-3 times/week

📅 Days to Maturity

90–120 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6–7 · Your soil: too_alkaline

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 9b

📆 Growing Season

287 days in Santa Clara County

Growing Tips for Onion in Santa Clara County

Direct sow Onion outdoors after February 19 in Santa Clara County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Common pests for Onion in this region include onion maggots and thrips. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

Santa Clara County receives only 16" of rain annually. Onion needs consistent moisture — install drip irrigation or water deeply 2-3 times per week.

General growing tips

Start seeds indoors 8-10 weeks before transplanting. Match day-length type to your latitude. Stop watering when tops begin to fall over and cure bulbs for 2-3 weeks before storage.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Peas
  • Green Beans
  • Asparagus

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Onion in Santa Clara County, CA?

Santa Clara County is in Zone 9b with an average last frost of February 19. Plan your Onion planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Santa Clara County, CA?

Santa Clara County, California is in USDA Hardiness Zone 9b. The average last spring frost is February 19 and first fall frost is December 3.

🌱

Your Santa Clara County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Santa Clara County (Zone 9b). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

Instant PDF download. No spam, unsubscribe any time.

Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Santa Clara County, CA. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.