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When to Plant Leeks in San Francisco County, CA

San Francisco County, California Zone 10b May

Top priorities for San Francisco County, California gardeners in May

May rewards gardeners who work with the weather, not against it. Here's how to stay in step this month in San Francisco County, California.

Avg. last frost February 23
Avg. first frost November 27
Soil temp (4") 78°F
Watering Critical
Pest pressure High
Daylight 14 hrs
  1. Start harvesting leeks

    Morning harvests are best — cooler temperatures mean crisper produce and longer fridge life.

Coming up in June — start thinking about
  • First harvests: leeks

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Leeks are a mild, sweet allium that produces long white shanks. They are more refined than onions and are a key ingredient in soups, stews, and gratins.

San Francisco County, California is in USDA Zone 10b. The average last spring frost is February 23 and the first fall frost is November 27, giving you a growing season of approximately 277 days.

At an elevation of 412 feet, San Francisco County receives approximately 13.5 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly loam soil. Summer highs average 86°F, providing good warmth for Leeks during the growing season. With low rainfall, drip irrigation is essential for growing Leeks successfully. Mulch heavily to conserve soil moisture.

San Francisco County, CA (Zone 10b) Year-round
277 days
Last Spring Frost February 23
277 growing days
First Fall Frost November 27

San Francisco County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Loam

Soil pH

6.2-7.2

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season (125 days to spare)
Start indoors: Jan 5 Transplant: Feb 2 🍅 Harvest: May 4 – Jul 20
Recommended (50%) ✓ Fits season (109 days to spare)
Start indoors: Jan 26 Transplant: Feb 23 🍅 Harvest: May 25 – Aug 10
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season (91 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 9 Transplant: Apr 6 🍅 Harvest: Jul 6 – Sep 21

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in San Francisco County

How your county's soil matches Leeks's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (6.2–7.2) overlaps with Leeks's range (6.0–7.0), though not a perfect match.

Soil Texture

The loam soil in San Francisco County is excellent for Leeks — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is moderate (3.0%). Annual compost additions will help Leeks.

How to Plant Leeks

1"
Planting Depth
15"
Between Plants
24"
Between Rows

Fall planting: Sow 8 weeks before your first frost date for a fall harvest.

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
0.8″/week
Rainfall provides
0.2″/week
You supply
0.7″/week
Watering frequency 2-3 times/week
Season total 1,770 gal / 100 sq ft
Drought risk

Water stress score is 8/10 — consider drought-tolerant varieties and mulching

Monthly Watering Guide for Leeks

Leeks needs approximately 0.8 inches of water per week (3.5" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Leeks Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 2.3" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 3.5" 3.1" 0.4" 💧 Light watering
Mar 3.5" 2.2" 1.3" 💧 Light watering
Apr 3.5" 1.2" 2.3" 🚿 Regular watering
May 3.5" 0.3" 3.2" 🚿 Regular watering
Jun 3.5" 0.1" 3.4" 🚿 Regular watering
Jul 3.5" 0" 3.5" 🚿 Regular watering
Aug 3.5" 0" 3.5" 🚿 Regular watering
Sep 3.5" 0.1" 3.4" 🚿 Regular watering
Oct 3.5" 0.6" 2.9" 🚿 Regular watering
Nov 3.5" 1.4" 2.1" 🚿 Regular watering
Dec 2.1" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (Feb–Nov in San Francisco County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Leeks Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Leeks needs ~1,740 GDD — county provides 4,031 GDD Excellent fit

Leeks Planting Timeline — San Francisco County, CA

Leeks Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors January 26 Jan 26 – Feb 9
Transplant Outdoors February 23 Feb 23 – Mar 9
Direct Sow February 2 Feb 2 – Feb 23
Harvest May 25 May 25 – Aug 10
Fall Sowing October 2 Oct 2 – Oct 16

Plant 1" deep · 15" apart · Rows 24" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January Start Indoors
February Start Indoors Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
March Transplant Outdoors
April
May Harvest
June Harvest
July Harvest
August Harvest
September
October Fall Sowing
November
December

Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Full Sun (6-8+ hours)

💧 Water

0.8"/week · 2-3 times/week

📅 Days to Maturity

90–150 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6–7 · Your soil: acceptable

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 10b

📆 Growing Season

277 days in San Francisco County

Growing Tips for Leeks in San Francisco County

Direct sow Leeks outdoors after February 23 in San Francisco County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Common pests for Leeks in this region include onion maggots and thrips. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

General growing tips

Start seeds indoors 10-12 weeks before last frost. Transplant into trenches and hill soil around stems as they grow to increase the white portion. Harvest as needed.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Peas
  • Green Beans

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Leeks in San Francisco County, CA?

San Francisco County is in Zone 10b with an average last frost of February 23. Plan your Leeks planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is San Francisco County, CA?

San Francisco County, California is in USDA Hardiness Zone 10b. The average last spring frost is February 23 and first fall frost is November 27.

🌱

Your San Francisco County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for San Francisco County (Zone 10b). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for San Francisco County, CA. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.