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When to Plant Onion in Contra Costa County, CA

Contra Costa County, California Zone 9b May

Your May game plan for Contra Costa County, California

Each item below is timed to Contra Costa County, California's frost dates and soil temperatures. Skip nothing, stress about nothing.

Avg. last frost February 26
Avg. first frost November 29
Soil temp (4") 78°F
Watering Critical
Pest pressure High
Daylight 14 hrs
  1. Start harvesting onion

    Don't tug. Use scissors or pruners for clean cuts — torn stems invite disease.

Get ahead of June
  • First harvests: onion

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Onions are a fundamental kitchen staple available in yellow, white, and red varieties. Choose long-day, short-day, or intermediate types based on your latitude.

Contra Costa County, California is in USDA Zone 9b. The average last spring frost is February 26 and the first fall frost is November 29, giving you a growing season of approximately 276 days.

At an elevation of 88 feet, Contra Costa County receives approximately 19 inches of rainfall annually with predominantly loam soil. Summer highs average 93°F, providing good warmth for Onion during the growing season. With low rainfall, drip irrigation is essential for growing Onion successfully. Mulch heavily to conserve soil moisture.

Contra Costa County, CA (Zone 9b) Year-round
276 days
Last Spring Frost February 26
276 growing days
First Fall Frost November 29
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Contra Costa County Soil Profile

Soil Type

Loam

Soil pH

6.7-7.8

Drainage

Well Drained

Plant Planting Risk Windows

Early Start (70% safe) ✓ Fits season (151 days to spare)
Start indoors: Jan 8 Transplant: Feb 5 🍅 Harvest: May 7 – Jun 25
Recommended (50%) ✓ Fits season (136 days to spare)
Start indoors: Jan 29 Transplant: Feb 26 🍅 Harvest: May 28 – Jul 16
Safe Start (90%) ✓ Fits season (121 days to spare)
Start indoors: Mar 5 Transplant: Apr 2 🍅 Harvest: Jul 2 – Aug 20

Percentages indicate frost risk at transplant. The 70% safe window means there is a 30% chance of frost after transplant — suitable for cold-hardy crops or gardeners with frost protection. The 90% safe window is best for tender plants.

Soil Compatibility in Contra Costa County

How your county's soil matches Onion's growing requirements.

Soil pH

Your soil pH (6.7–7.8) is more alkaline than Onion prefers (6.0–7.0). Add sulfur or peat moss to lower pH.

Soil Texture

The loam soil in Contra Costa County is excellent for Onion — good drainage, moisture retention, and nutrient holding capacity.

Organic Matter

Organic matter is moderate (3.0%). Annual compost additions will help Onion.

How to Plant Onion

1"
Planting Depth
6"
Between Plants
12"
Between Rows

Fall planting: Sow 8 weeks before your first frost date for a fall harvest.

Plant Water Budget

Plant needs
1.0″/week
Rainfall provides
0.3″/week
You supply
0.9″/week
Watering frequency 2-3 times/week
Season total 2,106 gal / 100 sq ft
Drought risk

Water stress score is 8/10 — consider drought-tolerant varieties and mulching

Monthly Watering Guide for Onion

Onion needs approximately 1 inches of water per week (4.3" per month). Here's how your county's rainfall compares month by month.

Month Onion Needs Rainfall You Supplement Action
Jan 4.1" 0" ❄️ Dormant
Feb 4.3" 4.5" 0" ✅ Rainfall sufficient
Mar 4.3" 3" 1.3" 💧 Light watering
Apr 4.3" 1.5" 2.8" 🚿 Regular watering
May 4.3" 0.6" 3.7" 🚿 Regular watering
Jun 4.3" 0.1" 4.2" 🚿 Regular watering
Jul 4.3" 0" 4.3" 🚿 Regular watering
Aug 4.3" 0" 4.3" 🚿 Regular watering
Sep 4.3" 0.2" 4.1" 🚿 Regular watering
Oct 4.3" 0.7" 3.6" 🚿 Regular watering
Nov 4.3" 1.6" 2.7" 🚿 Regular watering
Dec 2.7" 0" ❄️ Dormant

Water needs are for active growing months only (Feb–Nov in Contra Costa County). Supplement amounts are based on average rainfall — actual needs vary with temperature, soil, and mulching.

Onion Heat Requirements (GDD)

What are Growing Degree Days (GDD)?

Growing Degree Days measure the total warmth your plants receive during the growing season. Think of it as a "heat bank" — every day above 50°F deposits warmth that helps your plants grow.

Each plant needs a certain amount of accumulated heat to mature. If your county provides more GDD than the plant needs, it's a great fit. If it's close, you may want to choose faster-maturing varieties or start seeds indoors to get a head start.

Onion needs ~2,074 GDD — county provides 5,470 GDD Excellent fit

Onion Planting Timeline — Contra Costa County, CA

Onion Planting Calendar

Activity When Date Range
Start Indoors January 29 Jan 29 – Feb 12
Transplant Outdoors February 26 Feb 26 – Mar 12
Direct Sow February 5 Feb 5 – Feb 26
Harvest May 28 May 28 – Jul 16
Fall Sowing October 4 Oct 4 – Oct 18

Plant 1" deep · 6" apart · Rows 12" apart

Month-by-Month Timeline

MonthActivities
January Start Indoors
February Start Indoors Transplant Outdoors Direct Sow
March Transplant Outdoors
April
May Harvest
June Harvest
July Harvest
August
September
October Fall Sowing
November
December
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Growing Conditions

☀️ Sun

Full Sun (6-8+ hours)

💧 Water

1"/week · 2-3 times/week

📅 Days to Maturity

90–120 days

🧪 Soil pH

Needs 6–7 · Your soil: too_alkaline

🗺️ USDA Zone

Zone 9b

📆 Growing Season

276 days in Contra Costa County

Growing Tips for Onion in Contra Costa County

Direct sow Onion outdoors after February 26 in Contra Costa County when soil has warmed and frost danger has passed.

Common pests for Onion in this region include onion maggots and thrips. Use row covers early in the season and inspect plants weekly.

Contra Costa County receives only 19" of rain annually. Onion needs consistent moisture — install drip irrigation or water deeply 2-3 times per week.

General growing tips

Start seeds indoors 8-10 weeks before transplanting. Match day-length type to your latitude. Stop watering when tops begin to fall over and cure bulbs for 2-3 weeks before storage.

Companion Planting

Good Companions

Avoid Planting Near

  • Peas
  • Green Beans
  • Asparagus

Check more plant combinations with our Companion Planting Checker →

Frequently Asked Questions

When should I plant Onion in Contra Costa County, CA?

Contra Costa County is in Zone 9b with an average last frost of February 26. Plan your Onion planting based on this frost date — see the calendar above for exact timing.

What planting zone is Contra Costa County, CA?

Contra Costa County, California is in USDA Hardiness Zone 9b. The average last spring frost is February 26 and first fall frost is November 29.

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Your Contra Costa County Garden Planner — Free

A 24-page printable planner built for Contra Costa County (Zone 9b). Planting dates, a month-by-month schedule, harvest log, seed inventory, and succession charts — all dialed in for your exact growing season.

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Data sources: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023), NOAA 30-Year Climate Normals. Frost dates are based on 50% probability averages for Contra Costa County, CA. Local conditions may vary. Last updated: May 2026.

Sources & credits

Every number on this page traces back to a primary horticulture or government data source. Click through to verify.